Background: Postoperative pain in ambulatory surgery is a multifactorial issue affecting patient satisfaction, time of\ndischarge, and rehospitalization. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine for the treatment of\npostoperative pain after ambulatory surgery, relative to tramadol.\nMethods: This multi-center, randomized, double blind, and controlled study was conducted at 10 centers. In\naccordance with the inclusion criteria, 492 ambulatory surgery patients were recruited. These patients had\nmoderate to severe pain after ambulatory surgery, with a visual analogue scale (VAS) score > 3 cm. They were\nrandomly divided into an experimental (n = 248) or control (n = 244) group and treated for analgesia with 0.2 mg/\nkg of nalbuphine or 2 mg/kg of tramadol, respectively. VAS scores, adverse events, and vital signs of the patients\nwere recorded before administration.........................................
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